THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF ENGLISH AND AMERICAN LITERATURE Volume XV: English COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE EARLY NATIONAL LITERATURE: PART I Edited by W. P. Trent, J. Erskine, S. P. Sherman & C. Van Doren CONTENTS     Preface        BOOK I: COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE Chapter I. Travellers and Explorers, 1583–1763    By GEORGE PARKER WINSHIP, A.M., Librarian of the Harry Elkins Widener Collection, Harvard University The Earliest Adventures Captain John Smith Newfoundland William Vaughn Robert Hayman Robert Sedgwick Pamphlets of the Land Companies Narratives of Indian Captivities Mrs. Rowlandson John Gyles Jonathan Dickinson The Quakers Alice Curwen George Keith Sarah Knight William Byrd Dr. Alexander Hamilton BIBLIOGRAPHY    II. The Historians, 1607–1783    By JOHN SPENCER BASSETT, Ph.D., Professor of American History in Smith College Captain John Smith His Veracity Early New England Historians “Mourt’s” Relation Edward Winslow William Bradford John Winthrop Edward Johnson Nathaniel Morton Later New England Historians Narratives of the Indian Wars Captain John Mason Rev. William Hubbard Benjamin Church Samuel Penhallow Daniel Gookin Cadwallader Colden John Lawson Political Histories Robert Beverley Rev. William Stith William Smith; Samuel Smith Rev. Thomas Prince Thomas Hutchinson BIBLIOGRAPHY    III. The Puritan Divines, 1620–1720    By VERNON LOUIS PARRINGTON, A.M., Professor of English in the University of Washington Puritans and Politics Puritanism as Jacobean Radicalism Types of Church Polity Corresponding to Types of State Polity—Monarchical, Artistocratic, Democratic Early New England Congregationalism a Compromise between Aristocracy and Democracy The Emigrants: the Theocratic Group—John Cotton, Nathaniel Ward, John Eliot; the Democratic Group—Roger Williams, Thomas Hooker The Second Generation: the Theocratic Group—the Mathers; the Democrats—John Wise Learning of the Puritan Divines Their Industry and Influence BIBLIOGRAPHY    IV. Edwards    By PAUL ELMER MORE, A.M., LL.D., Formerly Editor of The Nation Edward’s Early Years His Marriage His Journal His Love of God His Preaching The Great Awakening Narrative of Surprising Conversions Thoughts on the Revival of Religion; Marks of a Work of the True Spirit Treatise Concerning Religious Affections The Quarrel with the Northampton Congregation Stockbridge President of the College of New Jersey; Death The Relations of Edwards to the Deistic Controversy The Freedom of the Will BIBLIOGRAPHY    V. Philosophers and Divines, 1720–1789    By WOODBRIDGE RILEY, Ph.D., Professor of Philosophy in Vassar College The Three Enemies of Orthodoxy—Rationalists, Enthusiasts, Ethical Reformers The Whitefield Controversy Charles Chauncy; Edward Wigglesworth Jonathan Mayhew Samuel Johnson John Woolman BIBLIOGRAPHY    VI. Franklin    By STUART P. SHERMAN, Ph.D., Professor of English in the University of Illinois Franklin’s Training His Early Years His First Writings Philadelphia; London The Pennsylvania Gazette His Public Activities Experiments in Electricity Missions to England Franklin in the Revolution Mission to France Death His Religion His Morals His Politics His Scientific Interests His Style BIBLIOGRAPHY    VII. Colonial Newspapers and Magazines, 1704–1775    By ELIZABETH CHRISTINE COOK, Ph.D., Instructor in English in Teachers College, Columbia University Literature in the Colonial Newspapers The New England Courant The New England Weekly Journal Franklin as Journalist Advertisements of Books The South Carolina Gazette The Virginia Gazette Politics in the Later Newspapers The Vogue of French Radicalism The Massachusetts Spy Magazines The General Magazine and Historical Chronicle The American Magazine The Pennsylvania Magazine; The Royal American Magazine BIBLIOGRAPHY    VIII. American Political Writing, 1760–1789    By WILLIAM MACDONALD, Ph.D., Professor of History in Brown University The Pre-eminence of American Political Literature James Otis The Stamp Act Controversy The Stamp Act Congress John Dickinson Samuel Adams The First Continental Congress The Loyalists The Satirists Franklin Thomas Paine A Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms The Declaration of Independence The Journal of the Continental Congress The Crisis The Constitutional Convention The Federalist BIBLIOGRAPHY    IX. The Beginnings of Verse, 1610–1808    By SAMUEL MARION TUCKER, Ph.D., Professor of English in the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute The Three Periods Verse in the Southern and Middle Colonies The First New England Poets The Memorial Poems Anne Bradstreet The Bay Psalm Book Michael Wigglesworth Dryden and Pope in New England Philadelphia Poets The Long Poems of the Eighteenth Century Timothy Dwight Political verse David Humphreys Joel Barlow John Trumbull Tory Satirists Lyric Poetry Philip Freneau BIBLIOGRAPHY        BOOK II: EARLY NATIONAL LITERATURE Chapter I. Travellers and Observers, 1763–1846    By LANE COOPER, Ph.D., Professor of English in Cornell University The Background of the Travellers Nature and the Natural Man The Routes of the Travellers The Varities of their Aims Their Common Interests Jonathan Carver William Bartram St. Jean de Crévecœur Notes on the State of Virginia The Lewis and Clark Expedition The Literary Wars between England and America The Answers of Cooper and Irving The Influence of the Travellers The Travellers and Wordsworth BIBLIOGRAPHY    II. The Early Drama, 1756–1860    By ARTHUR HOBSON QUINN, Ph.D., Dean of the College, University of Pennsylvania The Origins of the Drama in College Exercises Influence of the Early Companies; Godfrey’s Prince of Parthia, the first American Play The Closing of the Theatres The Revolutionary Satirists Tyler’s Contrast William Dunlap J. N. Barker J. H. Payne Beginning of the Creative Period Stone’s Metamora The Philadelphia Group: R. M. Bird, R. P. Smith, Conrad, Boker Types of Drama Romantic Tragedy Historical and National Plays Comedy and Melodrama The “Yankee” Plays The Realistic New York Drama Social Satire Romantic Comedy Gothic Melodrama Domestic Drama; Farce The Periods in the Development of the American Drama BIBLIOGRAPHY    III. Early Essayists    By GEORGE FRISBIE WHICHER, Ph.D., Associate Professor of English in Amherst College The Periodical Essay in America Joseph Dennie William Wirt James Kirke Paulding Richard Henry Dana the elder Nathaniel Parker Willis Henry Theodore Tuckerman BIBLIOGRAPHY    IV. Irving    By MAJOR GEORGE HAVEN PUTNAM, Litt.D. Early Years First Voyage to Europe Salmagundi Diedrich Knickerbocker England Spain; The Spanish Books A Tour on the Prairies A New Publisher Later Years Irving’s Cosmopolitanism A History of New York The Sketch Book Bracebridge Hall Tales of a Traveller Life of Columbus The Conquest of Granada Legends of the Alhambra Life of Mahomet Life of Washington BIBLIOGRAPHY    V. Bryant and the Minor Poets    By WILLIAM ELLERY LEONARD, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of English in the University of Wisconsin BRYANT Early Years Bryant’s Independence as a Poet The Unity of his Life and Work His Ideas Nature in Bryant Bryant’s Images His “Surveys” Bryant as Naturalist His Fairy Poems His Translations His Artistry His Style Limitations as a Poet Bryant as Critic and Editor His Prose Style Bryant the Citizen MINOR POETS Richard Henry Dana the elder James Kirke Paulding James Gates Percival Samuel Woodworth; George P. Morris Charles Fenno Hoffman Nathaniel Parker Willis Joseph Rodman Drake The Culprit Fay Fitz-Green Halleck BIBLIOGRAPHY    VI. Fiction I: Brown, Cooper    By CARL VAN DOREN, Ph.D., Head Master of The Brearley School, Associate in English in Columbia University The Novel in the Colonies Influence of Richardson Mrs. Morton; Mrs. Foster; Mrs. Rowson; Charlotte Temple Hugh Henry Brackenridge; Modern Chivalry Charles Brockden Brown Alcuin; Arthur Meruyn Wieland Ormond Brown’s Indebtedness to Godwin Edgar Huntly Isaac Mitchell; Tabitha Tenney; Samuel Woodworth James Fenimore Cooper; Youth; Naval Career Precaution The Spy The Pioneers The Pilot The Last of the Mohicans The Prairie Residence in Europe Red Rover; The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish Notions of the Americans; Novels written in Europe Return to America and Ensuing Controversies Writings on Naval Affairs; Later Nautical Tales Later Border Tales; The Pathfinder The Deerslayer The Littlepage Manuscripts Cooper’s Rank as a Romancer BIBLIOGRAPHY    VII. Fiction II: Contemporaries of Cooper    By CARL VAN DOREN The Services of the Historical Romance in the Development of the American Novel The Influence of the Frontier The Sections Celebrated by the Romancers John Neal; Mrs. Child; Miss Sedgwick D. P. Thompson Paulding; Bird Kennedy Judge Beverley Tucker Caruthers William Gilmore Simms His Devotion to South Carolina The Variety of his Miscellaneous Work Guy Rivers; The Yemassee The Partisan Series Simms’s Border Tales His Tragic Later Career Mrs. Kirkland James Hall Kentucky in Fiction Bird’s Mexican Romances; Mayo Melville Typee; Omoo Mardi Moby Dick Ware; Judd The Victory of Fiction in the United States BIBLIOGRAPHY    VIII. Transcendentalism    By HAROLD CLARK GODDARD, Ph.D., Professor of English in Swarthmore College New England Transcendentalism a Phase of World-Wide Movement Religious rather than Political Transcendentalism the Natural Sequel of Puritanism Channing The German Influence The Transcendental Club The General Principles of Transcendentalism Its Vagaries Alcott Ripley; Brook Farm The Dial Margaret Fuller Parker Abolitionism The Relations of European and American Transcendentalism The Essentially Native Character of New England Transcendentalism BIBLIOGRAPHY    IX. Emerson    By PAUL ELMER MORE The High Place of Emerson in American Letters His Youth and Training His Journals Nature; Essays The American Scholar; The Divinity School Address Representative Men; English Traits Emerson’s Optimism Emerson’s Resignation from the Ministry Its Significance His Place in the Romantic Movement Form and Style Ideas His Failure to Perceive the Meaning of Evil; The Rarity and Beauty of his Accomplishment BIBLIOGRAPHY