Biographia Dramatica.

Boas, F. S. Shakspere and his Predecessors. 1896.

Chambers.

Collier.

Creizenach. Vols. II, III, IV, part I.

Fleay, F. G. On the History of Theatres in London, from their first opening in 1576 to their closing in 1642. [Privately printed.]

Fleay’s Chronicle of the Stage.

—— English Drama.

Gayley’s R. E. C.

Gildersleeve, Virginia C. Government Regulation of the Elizabethan Drama. New York, 1908. Review of the above by Cunliffe, J. W., Journal of English and Germanic Philology, vol. IX, no. I, Urbana, Ill., 1910.

Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O. Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare. 2 vols. 7th ed. 1887.

—— Illustrations of the life of Shakespeare in a discursive series of essays. 1874.

Hastings, C. The Theatre. Its development in France and England, and a History of its Greek and Latin Origins. E. tr. by Welby, F. A. 1901.

Jusserand’s Th. en A.

Malone, E. The Plays and Poems of William Shakespeare, in ten volumes; collated verbatim with the most authentick copies, and revised … to which are added … a historical account of the English stage; and notes; … London, 1790. New ed. 1821.

Mantzius, K. A History of Theatrical Art in Ancient and Modern Times. E. tr. by Cossel, L von. Vol. III: The Shakespearean Period in England. 1904.

Murray, J. T. English Dramatic Companies, 1558–1642. 2 vols. 1910.

Stow, J. Annales, a general Chronicle of England; begun … by J. Stow … continued and augmented … unto the end of … 1631, by E. Hoowes … 1631–2.

Strutt, J. The Sports and Pastimes of the People of England from the earliest period, including the rural and domestic recreations, May games, mummeries, pageants, processions and pompous spectacles … 1801. New ed. Ed. Cox, J. C. [1903.]

Thornbury, G. W. Shakespeare’s England; or, Sketches of our Social History in the reign of Elizabeth. 2 vols. 1856.

Ward.

II. CONTEMPORARY DOCUMENTS AND COLLECTIONS

[A small selection only. For further references, see Malone, Collier, Chambers, etc., as above.]

Baker, Sir Richard. Theatrum Redivivum, or the theatre vindicated by Sir Richard Baker, in answer to Mr. Pryn’s Histrio-mastix…. 1662.

Bülow, G. von, and Powell, W. Dairy of the journey of Philip Julius, Duke of Stettin-Pomerania, through England in the year 1602. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, New Series, vol. VI, p. I. 1892.

Calendar of State Papers. Domestic Series. Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth, and James I. 12 vols. Edd. Lemon, R. and Green, M. A. Everett. 1856–72.

Charles, I, vols. I–XVIII. Edd. Bruce, J. and Hamilton, W. D. 1858–97.

Collier, J. P. The Alleyn Papers. A collection of original documents illustrative of the life and times of Edward Alleyn. Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1843.

Cunningham, P. Extracts from the Accounts of the Revels at Court, in the Reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King James I. Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1842.

Dasent, J. R. Acts of the Privy Council of England. New Series. 32 vols. 1890–1907.

Feuillerat, A. Documents relating to the Office of the Revels in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Bang’s Materialien, vol. XXI. Louvain, 1908.

Flecknoe, R. A Discourse of the English Stage. Rptd. in Hazlitt’s English Drama and Stage.

Forman, Dr. Simon. Autobiography and personal diary … from A.D. 1552 to A.D. 1602. From the unpublished manuscripts in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Ed. Halliwell[-Phillipps], J. O. 1849.

Gosson, S. The School of Abuse, conteining a plesaunt invective against Poets, Pipers, Plaiers, Jesters, and such like Catterpillers of a C[char]monwelth … Printed at London, by Thomas Woodcocke. 1579.

—— The Schoole of Abuse … 1579 and 1585, dedicated to Sir Philip Sidney. Rptd. in Somers Collection of Tracts, 2nd ed., ed. Scott, Sir W., vol. III, p. 552, 1810. Also, ed. Collier, J. P., Shakesp. Soc. Publ., vol. II, 1841; Arber, E., English Reprints, 1868.

—— Playes confuted in five Actions, proving that they are not to be suffred in a Christian common weale, by the waye both the cavils of T. Lodge, and the Play of Playes, written in their defence, and other objections of Players frendes are … aunsweared. Imprinted for Thomas Gosson. [1590?]

Rptd. in Hazlitt’s English Drama and Stage.

[Guilpin, W.] Skialetheia. Or, A shadowe of Truth, in certaine Epigrams and Satyres. At London, Printed by I. R. for Nicholas Ling, and are to bee solde at the little West doore of Poules. 1598.

[Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O.] A Collection of Ancient Documents respecting the office of Master of the Revels, and other papers relating to the Early English Theatre. 1870.

Hazlitt’s English Drama and Stage. [For documents.]

Henslowe’s Diary.

Henslowe Papers. Being Documents supplementary to Henslowe’s Diary. Ed. Greg, W. W. 1907.

Hentzner, Paulus. Itinerarium Germaniae; Galliae; Angliae; Italiae; … Nürnberg, 1612.

—— Paul Hentzner’s Travels in England, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, translated by Horace, late Earl of Orford … to which is now added, Sir R. Naunton’s Fragmenta Regalia, or observations on Queen Elizabeth’s times and favourites…. 1797.

Heywood, Thomas. An Apology for Actors. Containing three briefe Treatises. 1. Their Antiquity. 2. Their Ancient Dignity. 3. The true Use of their Quality. Written by Thomas Heywood, 1612. Rptd. in Somers Collection of Tracts, 2nd ed., ed. Scott, Sir W., vol. III, p. 574, 1810.

Heywood, Thomas. An Apology for Actors. Containing three briefe Treatises. 1. Their Antiquity. 2. Their Ancient Dignity. 3. The true Use of their Quality. Written by Thomas Heywood, 1612. Rptd. in Somers Collection of Tracts, 2nd ed., ed. Scott, Sir W., vol. III, p. 574, 1810.

Hughson, D. An epitome of the Privileges of London, including Southwark, as granted by Royal Charters…. [1812.]

—— Multum in Parvo. The Privileges of Southwark, comprised in the Charters granted to the City of London by Edward III., Edward IV., Edward VI., and confirmed by Parliament…. [?1818.]

Jeaffreson, J. C. Middlesex County Records. 4 vols. 1887–1902. Ed. Hardy, W. J. 1905, etc.

Kelly, W. Notices illustrative of the drama and other popular amusements, chiefly in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, incidentally illustrating Shakespeare and his contemporaries; extracted from the Chamberlain’s accounts and other manscripts of the borough of Leicester. 1865.

Machyn, H. The Diary of Henry Machyn, Citizen and Morchant Taylor of London, from A.D. 1550 to A.D. 1563. Ed. Nichols, J. G. Camden Soc. Publ., vol. XLII. 1848.

Malone Society, the. Collections. Part I. 1907. Contains: The Elizabethan Lords Chamberlain, by Chambers, E. K., pp. 31–42. Dramatic Records of the City of London. The Remembrancia, pp. 43–100.

Manningham, J. Diary of John Manningham, of the Middle Temple … 1602–3. Ed. Bruce, J. Camden Soc. Publ. 1868.

Nashe, T. Pierce Penilesse Supplication. [Ed. Collier, J. P.] Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1842.

Northbrooke, John. Spiritus est vicarius Christi in terra. A Treatise wherein Dicing, Da[char]cing, Vaine plaies or Enterludes, with other idle pastimes, &c., commonly used on the Sabbath Day, are reprooved, by the authoritie of the worde of God and auncient Writers. Made Dialoguewise. 1579. Rptd. for Shakesp. Soc., 1843.

Overall, W. H. and H. C. Analytical Index to the Series of Records known as the Remembrancia. Preserved among the archives of the City of London, 1579–1664. 1878.

Pepys, S. The Diary of Samuel Pepys. Ed. Wheatley, H. B. 10 vols. 1904.

Prynne, W. Histrio-mastix. By William Prynne, 1633. Rptd. in Hazlitt’s English Drama and Stage.

Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manscripts. 1870, etc.

Rye, W. B. England as seen by Foreigners in the days of Elizabeth and James the First. Comprising translations of the journals of the two Dukes of Wirtemberg in 1592 and 1610; both illustrative of Shakespeare. With extracts from the travels of foreign Princes and others…. 1865.

Stubbes, P. The Anatomie of Abuses: containing, A Discoverie, or briefe Summarie of such Notable Vices and Imperfections as nowe raigne in many… Countreyes of the worlde: but (especiallie) in… Ailgna. Made dialoguewise, by Philip Stubbes. Part I, 1583, part II, 1583, part III, 1585, part IV, 1595. Ed. Collier, J. P. [1870.] Part II. Ed. Furnivall, F. J. N. Shaksp. Soc. Publ. 2 parts. 1877–82.

Warner, G. F. Catalogue of the Maunscripts and Muniments of Alleyn’s College of God’s gift at Dulwich. 1881.

See also bibliographies to Chaps. I (Ben Jonson) and II (Marston), ante, and Vol. V, Chaps. VII-XII (Shakespeare).

HE PLAYHOUSES

See Collier, Halliwell-Phillipps’s Outlines, Malone (Sec. I, ante).

Agas, Ralph. Civitas Londinum. A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, the Borough of Southwark, etc., in the reign of Elizabeth [c. 1591]. Publ. in facsimile from the original in the Guild-Hall Library, with crit. and histor. examination by Overall, W. H. 1874. [Another copy of the Survey is in the Pepysian Library.]

Binz, G. Londoner Theater und Schauspiele im Jahre 1599. Anglia, vol. XXII (N. F. vol. X), p. 456. 1899.

Ellis, Henry. The History and Antiquities of the Parish of Saint Leonard Shoreditch and Liberty of Norton Folgate. 1798.

Greenstreet, J. The Blackfriars Playhouse: its Antecedents. The Athenaeum, no. 3064, 17 July, 1886, p. 91; no. 3141, 7 January, 1888, p. 25.

—— The Blackfriars Theatre in the time of Shakespeare. The Athenaeum, No. 3154, 7 April, 1888, p. 445; no. 3156, 21 April, 1888, p. 509.

[Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O.] Two old Theatres. Views of the Globe and Bear Garden, the former being the theatre belonging to Shakespeare’s Company of Actors… a wood engraving. rivately printed. Brighton, 1884.

Harrison’s Description of England in Shakespeare’s Youth. Being the Second and Third Books of his Description of Britaine and England. Ed. Furnivall, F. J. 2 vols. N. Shaksp. Soc. Publ. 1877 and 1878.

Hughson, D. Walks through London, including Westminster and the borough of Southwark, with the surrounding suburbs. 1817.

Loftie, W. J. A History of London. 2 vols. 1883–4.

Lysons, Daniel. The Environs of London, being an historical account of the towns, villages, and hamlets, within twelve miles of that capital…. 2nd ed. 2 vols. 1811.

Norden, J. Speculum Britanniae: an historical and chorographical description of Middlesex and Hartfordshire…. 3 parts. 1723.

Pinks, W. J. The History of Clerkenwell. 2nd ed. 1881.

Ordish, T. F. Early London Theatres [in the Fields]. The Camden Library. 1894. (See also Chambers, E. K., in The Academy, 24 Aug., 1895.)

—— Shakespeare’s London. New ed. 1904.

Rendle, W. Old Southwark and its People. 1878.

Rendle, W. and Newman, P. The Inns of Old Southwark and their Associations. 1888.

Southwark. Roman Antiquities discovered in the Parish of St. Olave, Southwark. Distinction between the three Manors of Southwark. Archaeologia, vol. XXV, p. 620. 1834.

Stopes, C. C. Burbage’s “Theatre.” The Fortnightly Review, N. S., no. DXI. July, 1909, p. 149.

Stow, J. A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster…. Written at first in Year MDXCVIII. by John Stow. Ed. John Strype. In Six Books. 1720. Ed. Thoms, W. J. 1876.

Theater, The, a Middlesex Sessions Record touching James Burbage’s “Theater.” The Athenaeum, no. 3094. 12 Feb., 1887, p. 233.

Wallace, C. W. Old Blackfriars Theatre. Fresh Discovery of Documents. The Times, II Sept., 1906, p. 6.

—— The Children of the Chapel at Blackfriars 1597–1603. University of Nebraska, 1908.

—— Shakespeare in London. Fresh Documents on the Poet and his Theatres. The Globe and Blackfriars. The Times, 2 Oct., 1909, p. 9, and 4 Oct., 1909, p. 9. [Shakespeare, The Globe, and the Blackfriars, by the same author, is preparing for publication.]

Wheatley, H. B. London Past and Present: its history, associations, and traditions. Based upon the Handbook of London by the late Peter Cunningham. 3 vols. 1891.

Wilkinson, R. Londina Illustrata: Graphic and Historic Memorials of Monasteries, Churches, Charitable Foundations, Palaces, Halls, Courts, Processions, early places of Amusement, and modern and present Theatres of the cities and suburbs of London and Westminster…. Published by R. Wilkinson. 2 vols. 1819.

IV. CONSTRUCTION AND STAGING

Alabaster, W. Roxana Tragoedia. A plagiarii unguibus vindicata, aucta & agnita ab Authore Gulielmo Alabastro. Ptd. by Jones, W. 1632. [The title-page gives a representation of a stage.]

Albright, Victor E. A typical Shaksperian Stage. New York, 1908.

Archer, W. The Elizabethan Stage. The Quarterly Review, no. 415, April, 1908, p. 442.

—— A Sixteenth Century Playhouse. The Universal Review, vol. I, May-August, 1888, p. 281.

Baker, G. P. The Development of Shakespeare as a Dramatist. New York, 1907.

—— “Hamlet” on an Elizabethan Stage. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XLI, p. 296. 1905. [Gives a photographic reproduction of the Elizabethan stage at Harvard on which “Hamlet” was played.]

Bang, W. Zur Bühne Shakespeares. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XL, p. 223. 1904.

Bapst, G. Essai sur l'histoire du Théâtre. La mise en scène, le déne, le dècor, le constume, l'architecture, l'éclairage, l'hygiène. Paris, 1893.

Brodmeier, C. Die Shakespeare-Bühne nach den alten Bühnenanweisungen. Weimar, 1904.

Conrad, H. Robert Greene als Dramitiker. Shakesp. Jahrb., vols. XXIX-XXX, p. 210. 1894.

Crezenach, W. Die Schauspiele der englischen Komödianten. Berlin and Stuttgart. [n.d.] Deutsche National-Litteratur, vol. XXIII.

Elze, K. Eine Aufführung im Globus-Theater. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XIV, p. I. 1879.

Gaedertz, K. T. Zur Kenntnis der altenglischen Bühne, nebst andern Beiträgen zur Shakespeare-Litteratur. Mit der ersten authentischen innern Ansicht der Schwan-Theaters in London und Nachbildung von Lucas Cranachs Pyramus und Thisbe. Bremen, 1888.

Genée, R. Ueber die scenischen Formen Shakespeare’s in ihrem Verhältniss zur Bühne seiner Zeit. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XXVI, p. 131. 1891.

Greg, W. W. Webster’s White Devil. Modern Language Quarterly, vol. III, no. 2, p. 112. December, 1900. Section II, pp. 120–4.

Hale, E. E., junior. The Influence of theatrical conditions on Shakespeare. Modern Philology, vol. I, p. 171. 1903–4.

Hawkins, C. H. The Stage-Craft of Shakespere. Noctes Shaksperianae. A Series of Papers by late and present Members of the Winchester College Shakspere Society, p. 121. Winchester, 1887.

Jullien, A. Les spectateurs sur le théâtre. établissement et suppression des bancs sur les scènes de la Comédie-Fran¸aise et de l'Opéra. Paris, 1875.

Kilian, E. Die scenischen Formen Shakespeare’s in ihrer Beziehung zu der Aufführung siener Dramen auf der modernen Bühne. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XXVIII, p. 90. 1893.

—— Shakespeare auf der modernen Bühne. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XXXII, p. 228. 1900.

Kirkman, F. The Wits, or, Sport upon Sport…. Now newly Collected by your Old Friend to please you, Francis Kirkman. London, Printed for Fran. Kirkman, and are to be Sold by most Book-Sellers. 1673. [The frontispiece is a representation of a stage.]

Koeppel, R. Die unkritische Behandlung dramaturgischer Angaben und Anordnungen in den Shakespeare-Ausgaben und die Beirrung der Erkenntnisse in Bezug auf die archäische Gestaltungsweise der altenglischen Dramatik. Engl. Stud., vol. XXXIV, p. I. 1904.

Lawrence, W. J. Some characteristics of the Elizabethan-Stuart Stage. Engl. Stud., vol. XXXII, p. 36. 1903.

—— Plays within plays. Engl. Stud., vol. XXXIII, p. 384. 1904.

Lee, S. Shakespeare and the Elizabethan Playgoer. An English Miscellany, p. 235. Oxford, 1901.

Logeman, H. Johannes de Witt’s Visit to the Swan Theatre. Anglia, vol. XIX, pp. 117–134. 1897.

Mönkemeyer, P. Prolegomena zu eines Darstellung der englischen Volksbühne zur Elisabeth- und Stuart-Zeit. Hanover and Leipzig, 1905.

Moulton, R. G. Shakespeare as a Dramatic Artist. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1893.

Prölss, R. Altenglisches Theater. (Meyer’s Klassiker-Ausgaben.) 2 vols. [1904.]

—— Von den ältesten Dramen Shakespeares und dem Einfluesse, den die damaligen Londoner Theater und ihre Einrichtungen auf diese Dramen ausgeübt haben. Leipzig, 1905.

Reynolds, G. F. Some Principles of Elizabethan Staging. Rptd. from Modern Philology, vol. II, 1904–5, p. 581 (April, 1905) and vol. III, no. I, p. 69 (June, 1905). Chicago, 1905.

—— Trees on the stage of Shakespeare. Modern Philology, vol. v, no. 2, p. 153. 1907–8.

Richards, N. The Tragedy of Messallina. London printed for Dan. Frere. 1640. [The title-page gives a representation of a stage.]

Shakespeare, W. The Works of William Shakespeare. In 10 vols. The Shakespeare Head Press, Stratford-on-Avon, 1907. Vol. X contains The Stage of the Globe, by Chambers, E. K., pp. 351–362; On the influence of the audience, by Bridges, R., pp. 321–334.

Stopes, C. C. Elizabethan Stage Scenery. The Fortnightly Review, June, 1907, p. 1107.

Walkley, A. B. Drama and Life. 1907.

Wallace, C. W. Globe Theatre Apparel. Privately printed. [1909.]

Wegener, Richard. Die Bühneneinrichtung des Shakespeareschen Theaters nach der zeitgenössischen Dramen. Halle, 1907.

Wheatley, H. B. The London Stage in Elizabeth' Lecture delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, Weekly Evening Meeting, Friday, 7 February, 1890.

—— On a contemporary drawing of the Interior of the Swan Theatre, 1596. Read at the 137th Meeting of the New Shakspere Society, Friday, 9 November, 1888.

V. BIOGRAPHICAL

See Malone, Collier, Halliwell-Phillipps (Outlines) and Henslowe’s Diary, as above.

Collier, J. P. Memoirs of Edward Alleyn, Founder of Dulwich College: including some new particulars respecting Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, Massinger, Marston, Dekker, etc. Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1841.

—— Memoirs of the Principal Actors in the Plays of Shakespeare. Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1846.

—— Alleyn Papers. [See Collier, J. P., in Sec. II, ante.]

Fleay, F. G. A Chronicle History of the Life and Work of William Shakespeare, Player, Poet, and Playmaker. 1886.

Fuller, T. The History of the Worthies of England. London, Printed by J. G. W. L. and W. G. MDCLXII. New ed. Ed. Nichols, J. 2 vols. 1811.

Lee, S. A Life of William Shakespeare. 5th ed. 1905.

Rendle, W. Philip Henslowe. The Genealogist, New Ser., vol. IV, p. 149. 1887.

Rimbault, E. F. Who was “Jack Wilson,” the Singer of Shakespeare’s stage? An attempt to prove the identity of this person with John Wilson, Doctor of Musick. 1846.

Young, W. The History of Dulwich College, with a Life of the Founder, Edward Alleyn, and an accurate transcript of his Diary, 1617–1622. 2 vols. 1889.

VI. COURT PERFORMANCES AND MASQUES

See Collier and Chambers, as above; and see bibliography to Chap. XII, post.

VII. PROVINCIAL AND FOREIGN TOURS

Bolte, J. Englische Komödianten in Dänemark und Scheweden. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XXIV, p. 99. 1888.

—— Englische Komödianten in Münster und Ulm. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XXXVI, p. 273. 1900.

Cohn, A. Shakespeare in Germany in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: an account of English Actors in Germany and the Netherlands and of the Plays performed by them during the same period. 1865.

Cohn, A. Englische Komödianten in Köln (1592–1656). Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XXI, p. 245. 1886.

Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O. The Visits of Shakespeare’s Company of Actors to the Provincial Cities and Towns of England, illustrated by Extracts gathered from Corporate Records. Privately printed. 1886. See also The Athenaeum, no. 3094, 12 Feb., 1887, p. 232.

Harris, C. The English Comedians in Germany before the Thirty Years’ War: The Financial Side. Publications of Mod. Lang. Assoc. of America, vol. XXII, no. 2 (New Ser. XV, no. 3), p. 446. September, 1907.

Herz, E. Englische Schauspieler und englisches Schauspiel zur Zeit Shakespeares in Deutschland. Theatergeschichtliche Forschungen. Ed. Litzmann, B. Part 18. Humburg and Leipzig, 1903.

Laneham, R. Robert Laneham’s Letter: Describing a part of the entertainment unto Queen Elizabeth at the Castle of Kenilworth in 1575. Ed. Furnivall, F. J. (The Shakespeare Library.) 1907.

Maas, H. Aüssere Geschichte der Englischen Theatertruppen in dem Zeitraum von 1559 bis 1642. Bang’s Materialien, vol. XIX. Louvain, Leipzig and London, 1907.

Meissner, J. Die englischen Komödianten zur Zeit Shakespeares in Oesterreich. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XIX, p. 113. 1884.

Moryson, F. An Itinerary Containing His Ten Yeeres Travell through the Twelve Dominions of Germany, Bohmerland, Sweitzerland, Netherland, Denmarke, Poland, Italy, Turkey, France, England, Scotland and Ireland. Written by Fynes Moryson Gent. 4 vols. Glasgow, 1907–8.

—— Shakespeare’s Europe. Unpublished chapters of Fynes Moryson’s Itinerary. … Ed. Hughes, C. 1903.

Murray, J. T. English Dramatic Companies in the Towns outside of London. 1550–1600. Modern Philology, vol. II, p. 539. April, 1905.

Nichols, J. The Progresses and public processions of Queen Elizabeth. New ed. 4 [3] vols. 1823.

—— The Progresses, Processions and Magnificent Festivities, of King James the First, his royal consort, family and court. 4 vols. 1828.

Trautmann, K. Englische Komödianten in Nürnberg, 1593–1648 [and other papers on English actors in Germany, etc.]. Archiv für Literaturgesch. vols. XIV and XV.

VIII. THE OFFICE OF THE REVELS

See Cunningham, Feuillerat, Halliwell-Phillipps’s Collection of Ancient Documents, and Wallace’s Children of the Chapel, as above.

Chambers, E. K. Notes on the History of the Revels Office under the Tudors. 1906.

Feuillerat, A. Le Bureau des Menus-Plaisirs (Office of the Revels) et la Mise en Scène à la cour d' élizabeth. Louvain, 1910.

(See also bibliography to Chap. XI, post.)

IX. FOOLS AND CLOWNS

See Chambers, as above.

Armin, R. Fools and Jesters with a reprint of Robert Armin’s Nest of Ninnies. Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1842.

—— The Works of Robert Armin, Actor (1605–9). Ed. Grosart, A. B. 1880.

Bolte, J. Die Singspiele der englischen Komödianten in Deutschland. Hamburg, 1893. [Modelled on the clown’s jigs.]

Johnson, L. P. The Fools of Shakspere, by L. P. Johnson, in Hawkins, C. H., Noctes Shaksperianae, p. 171. 1887. (See Sec. IV, ante.)

Kemp’s Nine Daies Wonder; performed in a daunce from London to Norwich. Camden Soc. Publ. 1840. Also ed. Arber, E. 1883.

Tarlton’s Jests and News out of Purgatory. Ed. Halliwell[-Phillipps], J. O. Shakesp. Soc. Publ. 1844.

Thümmel, J. Ueber Shakespeare’s Narren. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. IX, p. 87. 1874.

—— Ueber Shakespeare’s Clowns. Shakesp. Jahrb., vol. XI, p. 78. 1876.